Duodenogastric biliary reflux assessed by scintigraphic scan in patients with reflux symptoms after sleeve gastrectomy: preliminary results

BackgroundBile reflux is a factor in the appearance of severe esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus, which have been reported after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Incompetent lower esophageal sphincter and increased gastroesophageal acid reflux have been demonstrated after this operation. Some reports have shown bile content in the antrum during endoscopic control, but no investigations objectively confirm the presence of duodenogastric bile reflux in these patients.ObjectivesTo evaluate the presence of duodenogastric bile reflux (DGR) after SG in patients presenting reflux symptoms.SettingUniversity hospital.MethodsProspective study of 22 patients presenting reflux symptoms who underwent SG for morbid obesity and who received endoscopic evaluation and scintigraphic study to confirm esophagitis and duodenogastric bile reflux.ResultsErosive esophagitis was observed in 11 patients and Barrett’s esophagus in 2 patients. Seven patients (31.8%) presented positive DGR. Among them, 3 had type B and C esophagitis. The other 4 patients did not present esophagitis in spite of reflux symptoms.ConclusionDGR may be present in patients with gastroesophageal reflux after SG. This line of investigation requires further studies to confirm this hypothesis.     

阳性淋巴结对数比在胸段食管鳞癌患者长期预后中的预测作用

目的评价阳性淋巴结对数比(LODDS)在预测不同胸段食管鳞癌患者长期预后中的作用。方法回顾性分析731例食管鳞癌根治术后患者临床资料,分析LODDS在全组患者、术后淋巴结阴性患者和术中清扫淋巴结数目<12枚患者中预测预后的价值。结果LODDS与阳性淋巴结个数和术中淋巴结清扫数目均显著相关(r=0.696、-0.530,均P=0.000)。ROC曲线分析结果显示LODDS最佳截点值为-1.028。多因素分析结果显示患者性别、年龄、食管病变部位、pT分期、阳性淋巴结个数和LODDS值为全组患者生存和术中淋巴结清扫数目≥12枚患者OS的独立影响因素(P<0.05);患者性别、年龄、食管病变部位、pT分期和LODDS值为术后淋巴结阴性患者生存的独立影响因素(P<0.05),而pT分期和LODDS值为术中淋巴结清扫数目<12枚患者OS的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论LODDS可以作为不同胸段食管鳞癌根治术后患者的独立性预后指标。     

Risk factors for esophago-jejunal anastomosis leakage after total gastrectomy for cancer. A multicenter retrospective study of the Italian research group for gastric cancer

BackgroundMany Eastern reports attempted to identify predictive variables for esophago-jejunal anastomosis leakage (EJAL) after total gastrectomy for cancer. There are no definitive answers about reliable risk factors for EJAL. This retrospective study shows the largest Western series focused on this topic.MethodsThis is a multicenter retrospective study analyzing patients’ datasets collected by 18 Italian referral Centres of the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer (GIRCG) from 2000 to 2018. The inclusion criteria were pathological diagnosis of gastric and esophageal (Siewert III) carcinoma requiring total gastrectomy. The primary end point of risk analysis was the occurrence of EJAL; secondary end points were post-operative (30-day) morbidity and mortality, length of stay (LoS), and survival.ResultsData of 1750 patients submitted to total gastrectomy were collected. EJAL developed in 116 (6.6%) patients and represented the 26.3% of all the 441 observed post-operative surgical complications. EJAL diagnosis was followed by a reoperation in 39 (33.6%) patients and by an endoscopic/radiological procedure in 30 cases (25.9%). In 47 patients (40.5%) EJAL was managed with conservative approach. Post-operative LoS and mortality were significantly higher after EJAL occurrence (27 days versus 12 days and 8.6% versus 1.6%, respectively). At risk analysis, comorbidities (particularly, if respiratory), minimally invasive surgery, extended lymphadenectomy, and anastomotic technique resulted significant predictive factors for EJAL. EJAL did not significantly affect survival.ConclusionsThese results were consistent with Asian experiences: the frequency of EJAL and its higher rate observed in patients with comorbidities or after minimally invasive approach were confirmed.     

萨提亚团体干预模式在老年肺癌根治术后患者中的应用

目的探讨萨提亚团体干预模式在老年肺癌根治术后患者中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2017年6月—2018年6月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的老年肺癌根治术患者82例为研究对象。随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各41例。对照组术后接受常规护理,观察组采用萨提亚团体干预模式。干预前后采用社会回避与苦恼量表(SADS)、Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)和欧洲癌症研究所癌症患者生命质量测定量表(EORTC QLQ-C30)比较干预效果。结果干预后观察组患者SADS评分低于对照组,RSES评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组患者躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能、疲乏感、恶心呕吐、疼痛、呼吸困难、睡眠障碍、食欲丧失、便秘、腹泻、经济困难及整体生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论萨提亚团体干预模式用于老年肺癌根治术患者,有助于提高患者自尊,纠正不良情绪,改善生活质量,值得推广应用。     

术前白蛋白碱性磷酸酶比值对根治性膀胱切除术后总体生存期的影响

目的探讨术前白蛋白碱性磷酸酶比值(AAPR)与根治性膀胱切除术后患者总体生存期(OS)的关系。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2015年12月青岛大学附属医院收治的166例膀胱癌患者的临床病理资料。男148例,女18例。年龄(65.1±9.4)岁。伴高血压病31例、糖尿病14例。体质指数(BMI)(24.00±3.32)kg/m^2。肿瘤单发92例,多发74例。肿瘤直径<3 cm者43例,≥3 cm者123例。合并肾积水33例,无肾积水133例。术前AAPR(0.62±0.23)。根据AAPR的三分位点将患者分为低AAPR组55例,AAPR(0.42±0.09);中AAPR组55例,AAPR(0.58±0.05);高AAPR组56例,AAPR(0.86±0.21)。美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级1级4例,2级65例,3级86例,4级11例。根治术前患者均行经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术,病理诊断均为膀胱癌,高级别144例,低级别22例。166例均行根治性膀胱切除术,其中腹腔镜手术140例,开放手术26例。术中行输尿管皮肤造口55例,回肠代膀胱96例,回肠原位新膀胱15例。将AAPR连续性变量和AAPR分组作为原始模型,调整年龄、肿瘤大小、pT分期、pN分期、肾积水、ASA分级、辅助化疗的数据作为校准模型1,在校准模型1基础上增加BMI、肿瘤数目、病理等级的数据作为校准模型2。采用趋势性检验检测不同AAPR组间危险比(HR)变化趋势。分析不同因素分层的AAPR与OS的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线。采用基于广义相加模型的曲线拟合表示AAPR与OS的关系。结果本组166例中位随访63个月,生存95例,死亡71例。3年生存率为61%,5年生存率为50%。术后病理分期:T1期27例,T2期82例,T3期48例,T4期9例;N0期145例,N1期14例,N2期6例,N3期1例。术后52例行辅助化疗。单因素Cox回归分析结果显示,AAPR(HR=0.09,95%CI 0.022~0.391,P=0.001)、高AAPR组(HR=0.40,95%CI 0.216~0.742,P=0.003)、年龄(HR=2.42,95%CI 1.294~4.531,P=0.006)、肿瘤大小(HR=2.11,95%CI 1.112~4.014,P=0.023)、肿瘤数目(HR=0.62,95%CI 0.378~1.022,P=0.061)、pT3期(HR=8.93,95%CI 3.173~25.114,P<0.001)、pT4期(HR=10.39,95%CI 3.110~34.707,P<0.001)、N1期(HR=2.80,95%CI 1.422~5.531,P=0.003)、N3期(HR=17.06,95%CI 2.192~132.863,P=0.007)、病理分级(HR=0.30,95%CI 0.113~0.817,P=0.019)、肾积水(HR=2.36,95%CI 1.406~3.939,P=0.001)、术后辅助化疗(HR=2.66,95%CI 1.674~4.247,P<0.001)均与术后OS相关。调整年龄、肿瘤大小、pT分期、pN分期、肾积水、ASA分级、辅助化疗、BMI、肿瘤数目、病理分级后,Cox回归分析结果显示,与低AAPR组相比,高AAPR组的死亡风险降低约59%(HR=0.406,95%CI 0.200~0.822,P=0.012),AAPR每升高1个单位,死亡风险下降约80%(HR=0.199,95%CI 0.051~0.779,P=0.020)。趋势性检验结果显示,原始模型和校准模型中,AAPR不同分组间OS的HR下降趋势均有统计学意义(P=0.016),提示两者呈线性关系。调整年龄、肿瘤大小、pT分期、pN分期、肾积水、ASA分级、辅助化疗、BMI、肿瘤数目、病理分级后,曲线拟合图显示,AAPR与OS呈线性相关,随AAPR升高,术后死亡风险下降,OS延长。结论AAPR与膀胱肿瘤患者根治性膀胱切除术后的OS成线性相关,随AAPR升高,患者术后死亡风险下降,OS延长。     

Knowledge,attitudes, and behaviors of women during pregnancy after bariatric surgery

BackgroundWomen of childbearing age constitute a substantial proportion of the patients who undergo weight loss procedures. However, little is known regarding attitudes and behaviors of women during pregnancy after bariatric surgery (BS).ObjectivesWe explored women’s experience and behavior during pregnancy after BS.SettingUniversity hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was performed among women who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and delivered at our center.ResultsOverall, 111 women completed the questionnaire (response rate 88.1%). The median surgery-to-conception interval was 34 (25–50) months. For 28 (25.2%) women, future pregnancy was a motivation for undergoing the weight loss procedure. Only 10 (9.0%) received contraceptive advice perioperatively. Oral contraception was the most commonly used method after surgery (n = 47, 42.3%). Pregnancy was reported as unintended by 37 (33.3%) women. Only 14 (12.6%) women stated receiving an explanation regarding the implications of BS on pregnancy outcomes. Rates of follow-up with maternal-fetal medicine specialists, bariatric surgeons, and dieticians during pregnancy were 36.0%, 9.0%, and 23.4%, respectively. Forty-four women (39.6%) felt follow-up throughout gestation was inadequate. Satisfaction from BS improved after pregnancy in 23 (20.7%) women, and 75 (67.6%) stated that they would recommend BS to a friend with obesity who plans to conceive in the future.ConclusionsWomen reported insufficient knowledge regarding the expected outcomes of pregnancy after surgery, with low rates of medical and nutritional follow-up. Only a minority of respondents received contraceptive advice after surgery, and unintended pregnancies were common. These observations represent areas of improvement for following women of childbearing age who undergo weight loss procedures.     

羟考酮注射液对腹腔镜袖状胃切除术患者血流动力学及镇痛效果的影响

目的探讨羟考酮注射液对腹腔镜袖状胃切除术(LSG)患者血流动力学及镇痛效果的影响。方法随机将2017年10月至2019年10月在我院进行LSG的180例患者分为观察组(n=90,羟考酮)与对照组(n=90,芬太尼)。比较两组血流动力学指标、血糖、Cor及E水平及镇痛效果。结果T0、T1、T2时,观察组的MAP、HR均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后12 h,两组患者血糖、Cor及E水平均较术前升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6、12 h,观察组的VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论羟考酮应用于LSG患者镇痛效果好,可减轻应激反应,促进患者血流动力学稳定。